Mesa 25.2 on RK3588 (Mali G610) in Debian 12

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00 Install tools to check HW acceleration

0A OpenCL

sudo apt install clinfo -y
clinfo

sudo apt clpeak
clpeak

0B Vulkan

sudo apt install vulkan-tools
vulkaninfo
vulkaninfo --summary
DISPLAY=:0 vkcube

0C OpenGL OpenGL ES

sudo apt-get install mesa-utils
glxinfo
glxinfo -B
glxinfo | grep Mesa
glxinfo | grep "OpenGL version"
glxgears
glxdemo

sudo apt install glmark2-es2
glmark2-es2
DISPLAY=:0 es2_info

01 Setup AmazingFate Panfork-Mesa repo for mali-g610-firmware 01

1A: import gpg key and use it to sign repo

wget -qO - https://download.opensuse.org/repositories/home:/amazingfate:/panfork-mesa/Debian_12/Release.key | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/panfork-mesa.gpg

1B: Add Repo to apt sources & update

echo "deb https://download.opensuse.org/repositories/home:/amazingfate:/panfork-mesa/Debian_12/ /" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/panfork-mesa.list
sudo apt update

1C: Install firmware

sudo apt install mali-g610-firmware libmali-g610-x11

1D: RECOMMENDED : Remove panfork-mesa repo

sudo rm -rf /etc/apt/sources.list.d/panfork-mesa.list
sudo rm -rf /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/panfork-mesa.gpg

02 Enable Debian Experimental Repo for recent Mesa Packages 02

sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list

2A: Add the following to the bottom of the document...

deb http://deb.debian.org/debian unstable main contrib non-free
deb http://deb.debian.org/debian experimental main

2B: Update and install Mesa Packages

sudo apt update
sudo apt install -t experimental mesa-vulkan-drivers mesa-utils libgl1-mesa-dri libglx-mesa0 mesa-vdpau-drivers mesa-va-drivers mesa-opencl-icd mesa-libgallium

2C*****: Configuring OpenCL ICD Loader: Install Mesa OpenCL ICD, Create OpenCL Vendors Directory and Add Mali ICD Configuratio

sudo mkdir -p /etc/OpenCL/vendors
echo "/usr/lib/libmali-g610.so" | sudo tee /etc/OpenCL/vendors/mali.icd

Installing OpenCL Libraries and their dependencies

sudo apt install ocl-icd-opencl-dev -y
sudo apt install libxcb-dri2-0 libxcb-dri3-0 libwayland-client0 libwayland-server0 libx11-xcb1 -y

2D: RECOMMENDED : Re-open apt sources and remove Experimental/Unstable repos...

sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list

Remove the following and update apt...

deb http://deb.debian.org/debian unstable main contrib non-free
deb http://deb.debian.org/debian experimental main

sudo apt update

03 Add rockchip-multimedia Ubuntu Repo to Apt 03 --

echo "deb [arch=arm64] https://ppa.launchpadcontent.net/liujianfeng1994/rockchip-multimedia/ubuntu jammy main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/rockchip-multimedia.list

3A: Download Key and add convert to gpg

curl -o rockchip-multimedia.asc "https://keyserver.ubuntu.com/pks/lookup?op=get&search=0x8065BE1FC67AABDE"
gpg --dearmor rockchip-multimedia.asc
sudo mv rockchip-multimedia.asc.gpg /etc/apt/keyrings/rockchip-multimedia.gpg

3B: Add PPA Repo and update

echo "deb [arch=arm64 signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/rockchip-multimedia.gpg] https://ppa.launchpadcontent.net/liujianfeng1994/rockchip-multimedia/ubuntu jammy main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/rockchip-multimedia.list
sudo apt update

3C: Install packages

sudo apt install libv4l-rkmpp chromium gstreamer1.0-rockchip1 rockchip-multimedia-config

3D: OPTIONAL : Disable rockchip-multimedia PPA repo

sudo mv /etc/apt/sources.list.d/rockchip-multimedia.list /etc/apt/sources.list.d/rockchip-multimedia.list.disabled
sudo apt update

04 Optimize XFCE/Xorg and Reboot 04 --

4A: Open default xorg config

sudo nano /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/01-armbian-defaults.conf

Add the following...

Section "Device"
   Identifier "Mali-G610"
   Driver "modesetting"
   Option "DRI" "3"               # Required for Mali GPUs
   Option "GALLIUM_DRIVER" "panfrost"
   Option "PageFlip" "on"          # Reduces tearing
   Option "TearFree" "true"        # Xfce-specific anti-tearing
EndSection

4B: Add XFCE Specific tweaks

sudo nano /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/20-xfce-tweaks.conf

Add the following...

Section "Extensions"
   Option "COMPOSITE" "Enable"
EndSection

Section "ServerFlags"
   Option "AutoAddGPU" "off"  # Prevents duplicate GPU detection
EndSection    

4C: Reboot

sudo reboot now

05 xfce4

5A Auto-login xfce4

sudo nano /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf

nella sezione

[Seat:*]

inserire

autologin-user=orangepi

5B Disabilitare start di xfce4 al boot

sudo systemctl disable lightdm.service

5C Start xfce4 manuale

sudo systemctl start lightdm.service